A dedicated national academic network, also called a National Research and Education Network (NREN) has three main segments as shown in Figure 1:

1. The campus networks that are owned and operated by member academic institutions.
2. A dedicated national distribution network operated the national research and education network (NREN) organization, KENET in case of Kenya. The distribution network segment interconnects the campus networks, making it possible to national academic resources.
3. The international network segments that connect academic institutions to the global academic Internet as well as the global Internet. This is also operated by the NREN organization.